In his new article, Dr. Andreas Umland provides an analytical overview of the key ways in which Russia has been undermining the global nuclear nonproliferation regime:
- The paper showcases how the Kremlin has consistently violated the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons ever since the mid-1990s and how it has been aided in this by China, North Korea as well as India.
- The author points out that the Russian and Ukrainian-language version of the Budapest Memorandum of 1994 – on the basis of which Ukraine gave up its nuclear weapons, contain wording about “guarantees” rather than simply “security assurances” for Kyiv.
- It is demonstrated that Russia’s actions harm international-law-abiding countries and the specific impact of Russia’s status as a nuclear state vs. Ukraine as a non-nuclear one on the course of the Kremlin’s aggression against Kyiv is laid out.
The article is available in Bulgarian.